1: Yamada K, Hung P, Park TK, Park PJ, Lim BO. A comparison of the
immunostimulatory effects of the medicinal herbs Echinacea, Ashwagandha and
Brahmi. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011 Sep 1;137(1):231-5. Epub 2011 May 17. PubMed PMID:
21619924.


2: Goey AK, Sparidans RW, Meijerman I, Rosing H, Schellens JH, Beijnen JH. A
sensitive LC-MS/MS method for the quantitative analysis of the Echinacea purpurea
constituent undeca-2-ene-8,10-diynoic acid isobutylamide in human plasma. J
Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2011 Jan 1;879(1):41-8. Epub 2010
Nov 12. PubMed PMID: 21123121.


3: Benson JM, Pokorny AJ, Rhule A, Wenner CA, Kandhi V, Cech NB, Shepherd DM.
Echinacea purpurea extracts modulate murine dendritic cell fate and function.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2010 May;48(5):1170-7. Epub 2010 Feb 10. PubMed PMID:
20149833; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2883451.


4: Ghaemi A, Soleimanjahi H, Gill P, Arefian E, Soudi S, Hassan Z. Echinacea
purpurea polysaccharide reduces the latency rate in herpes simplex virus type-1
infections. Intervirology. 2009;52(1):29-34. Epub 2009 Apr 17. PubMed PMID:
19372701.


5: Egger M, Pellett P, Nickl K, Geiger S, Graetz S, Seifert R, Heilmann J, König 
B. Synthesis and cannabinoid receptor activity of ketoalkenes from Echinacea
pallida and nonnatural analogues. Chemistry. 2008;14(35):10978-84. PubMed PMID:
18979494.


6: Pillai S, Pillai C, Mitscher LA, Cooper R. Use of quantitative flow cytometry 
to measure ex vivo immunostimulant activity of echinacea: the case for
polysaccharides. J Altern Complement Med. 2007 Jul-Aug;13(6):625-34. PubMed PMID:
17718645.


7: Matthias A, Banbury L, Stevenson LM, Bone KM, Leach DN, Lehmann RP.
Alkylamides from echinacea modulate induced immune responses in macrophages.
Immunol Invest. 2007;36(2):117-30. PubMed PMID: 17365014.


8: Liatsos G, Elefsiniotis I, Todorova R, Moulakakis A. Severe thrombotic
thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) induced or exacerbated by the immunostimulatory
herb Echinacea. Am J Hematol. 2006 Mar;81(3):224. Erratum in: Am J Hematol. 2006 
Sep;81(9):722. George, Liatsos [corrected to Liatsos, George]; Ioannis,
Elefsiniotis [corrected to Elefsiniotis, Ioannis]; Radostina, Todorova [corrected
to Todorova, Radostina]; Antonios, Moulakakis [corrected to Moulakakis,
Antonios]. PubMed PMID: 16493617.


9: Bernatoniené J, Savickas A, Masteiková R, Chalupová Z. [Composite tincture
from the tops of the purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea) and the fruits of the
dog rose (Rosa canina): technology of production and evaluation of quality].
Ceska Slov Farm. 2005 Nov;54(6):262-5. Czech. PubMed PMID: 16383189.


10: Pugh ND, Balachandran P, Lata H, Dayan FE, Joshi V, Bedir E, Makino T, Moraes
R, Khan I, Pasco DS. Melanin: dietary mucosal immune modulator from Echinacea and
other botanical supplements. Int Immunopharmacol. 2005 Apr;5(4):637-47. PubMed
PMID: 15710333.


11: Lee AN, Werth VP. Activation of autoimmunity following use of
immunostimulatory herbal supplements. Arch Dermatol. 2004 Jun;140(6):723-7.
PubMed PMID: 15210464.


12: Barak V, Birkenfeld S, Halperin T, Kalickman I. The effect of herbal remedies
on the production of human inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Isr Med 
Assoc J. 2002 Nov;4(11 Suppl):919-22. PubMed PMID: 12455180.


13: Wilasrusmee C, Siddiqui J, Bruch D, Wilasrusmee S, Kittur S, Kittur DS. In
vitro immunomodulatory effects of herbal products. Am Surg. 2002
Oct;68(10):860-4. PubMed PMID: 12412711.


14: Sun L, Rezaei KA, Temelli F, Ooraikul B. Supercritical fluid extraction of
alkylamides from Echinacea angustifolia. J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Jul
3;50(14):3947-53. PubMed PMID: 12083864.


15: South EH, Exon JH. Multiple immune functions in rats fed Echinacea extracts. 
Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2001 Aug;23(3):411-21. PubMed PMID: 11694031.


16: Rininger JA, Kickner S, Chigurupati P, McLean A, Franck Z.
Immunopharmacological activity of Echinacea preparations following simulated
digestion on murine macrophages and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J
Leukoc Biol. 2000 Oct;68(4):503-10. PubMed PMID: 11037971.


17: Bukovský M, Vaverková S, Kost'álová D. Immunomodulating activity of Echinacea
gloriosa L., Echinacea angustifolia DC. and Rudbeckia speciosa Wenderoth
ethanol-water extracts. Pol J Pharmacol. 1995 Mar-Apr;47(2):175-7. PubMed PMID:
8688891.


18: Bukovský M, Kostálová D, Magnusová R, Vaverková S. [Testing for
immunomodulating effects of ethanol-water extracts of the above-ground parts of
the plants Echinaceae (Moench) and Rudbeckia L]. Cesk Farm. 1993
Oct;42(5):228-31. Slovak. PubMed PMID: 8252635.


19: Bukovský M, Vaverková S, Kostálová D, Magnusová R. [Immunomodulating activity
of ethanol-water extracts of the roots of Echinacea gloriosa L., Echinacea
angustifolia DC. and Rudbeckia speciosa Wenderoth tested on the immune system in 
C57BL6 inbred mice]. Cesk Farm. 1993 Aug;42(4):184-7. Slovak. PubMed PMID:
8402973.